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Cancer epidemiology is a critical field of study focused on understanding the occurrence, causes, and patterns of cancer within populations. Central to this discipline is the concept of the "incidence gap," representing the disparity between actual cancer cases and reported diagnoses. This gap arises from a complex interplay of factors, including subclinical cases, limited healthcare access, societal stigma, screening program deficiencies, and data collection inaccuracies [1]. Recognizing and addressing the incidence gap is essential for effective resource allocation, policy development, and the formulation of tailored prevention and treatment strategies. This article provides a comprehensive overview of cancer epidemiology, emphasizing the significance of the incidence gap, its implications, and the multifaceted approach required to bridge this divide [2].
